A quasi-evolutionary model of socio-technical transitions is described in which regimes face selection pressures continuously.
The pervasiveness of such false memories generates a puzzle: in the face of selection pressure for accuracy of memory, how could such systematic failures have persisted over evolutionary time?
The pervasiveness of such false memories generates an evolutionary puzzle; in the face of selection pressure for accuracy of memory (Dukas, 1999; Mery, 2013; Raine & Chittka, 2008), how could such systematic failures have persisted over evolutionary time?
Brundrett [10]) suggests that, as plants colonized the land, they would have faced powerful selection pressure to increase the surface area of their absorptive surfaces in soil to parallel that occurring in their photosynthetic organs.
Previous studies have shown that atp6 gene is highly variable in the mitogenomes of humans living in extremely cold areas [ 68- 71], the atp6 gene faces strong selection pressure with increasing altitude [ 72], and the variation of atp6 gene in Artemia tibetiana is the result of adaptation to the cold and hypoxic environment of the plateau [ 73].
Animal and plant pathogenic fungi acquired from the environment probably face similar selection pressures from physical conditions, microbial competition and predators such as amoebae.
The strict conservation of the location and length of this insertion in the archaeal and bacterial families listed in Table S2, in the face of selection pressures over much of the history of the evolution of nitrogenases, argues that a role remains to be found for this additional segment of polypeptide.
For instance, our analysis of the abundances of mutant populations over seasonal cycles shows how two phytoplankton ecotypes that live in similar ocean regions but which have different temporal population dynamics, might face different selection pressures for the retention of nitrogen use genes.
Widely distributed species face different selection pressures along climatic and ecological gradients.
Thus, all Philanthinae may face similar selection pressures with regard to the protection of their larval provisions and their offspring against detrimental microbes.
Fossorial mammals face natural selection pressures that differ from those acting on surface dwelling animals, and these may lead to reduced visual system development.
