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The basic effect hereabouts is neatly illustrated by a simple but striking demonstration (used by the neuroscientist Richard Gregory back in the 1970's to make this very point) known as "the hollow face illusion".
Just about any hollow face mask will produce some version of this powerful illusion, and there are many examples on the Web, like this one: The hollow face illusion illustrates the power of what cognitive psychologists call "top-down" (essentially, knowledge-driven) influences on perception.
A classic mandatory process is the hollow face illusion, when a concave face (e.g., the inside of a mask), is perceived as convex (Baluch & Itti, 2011; Gregory, 1970).
Finally, the correlation analysis suggests that the magnitude of the experts' composite face illusion for children faces is directly related to the amount of experience with this population of faces.
More interestingly, when considering differential response times between aligned and misaligned conditions as in previous studies [e.g. 10], [12], [15], [19], there was a significantly stronger composite face illusion for adult compared to children faces in novice participants, while it was of equal magnitude in experts with children faces.
This is powerfully illustrated in the composite face illusion: when the upper and lower halves of two faces are recombined, the virtually unavoidable illusion is that one is viewing the face of a third, different person.
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I have developed two shortcuts to the "whole-face illusion".
You might reasonably suspect that the hollow-face illusion, though striking, is really just some kind of psychological oddity.
My smile was absurdly crooked, but my eyes triggered a whole-face illusion that didn't convey antagonism, and she immediately turned convivial.
In contrast, although a response bias factor contributes to the composite-face illusion, it is not modulated by priming.
In conclusion, the present study allowed teasing apart the influences of global and local priming on perceptual and decisional factors that contribute to the composite-face illusion.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com