Estimating the thickness of the steel needed to create the sculpture's desired aesthetics before fabrication was difficult.
However, its fabrication through laser-based additive manufacturing is difficult to achieve.
The 3D geometry of the channels with minimum width of 80 μm gives great challenges in fabrication and is difficult to be achieved by traditional micro fabrication techniques.
In practical fabrication, it is difficult to obtain uniform thickness along the height of the fin channel due to limitations in process technology [6].
In fact, by conventional methods, used for EDF fabrication, it is difficult to avoid the formation of Er 3+ ion pairs and the amount of glass modifiers must be maximized to reach the suited optical properties [13].
The fabrication of monoblocks is difficult due to the thermal expansion mismatch between copper alloy and tungsten.
You hear about 3D printing here and there, but for the most part it's a bit irrelevant to the average person because fabrication is messy, difficult, and prohibitively expensive.
Fabrication of PTFE products is difficult because the material does not flow readily even above its melting point.
Polymer composites are a candidate for low temperature fabrication technology, but it is difficult to increase the ceramic content, which offers superior dielectric and thermal properties at levels above 60 vol.% [10 12].
High-resolution electron beam lithography (EBL) is typically used for mold fabrication, but a large-area mold is difficult to fabricate because of the low throughput of EBL.
