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The decoding check node updates the extrinsic of the estimated network-coded information bits Lu r Dec ( n ) ( w r ) to get the extrinsic of correct network-coded information bits L u Dec(n)(w) by taking into account the decoding error probability Pe bit.
At the first iteration, IA 1 1 = IA 2 1 = 0. Step 2. (Channel decoding) The SISO decoder j, j = 1,2, run the BCJR algorithm[25] as follows: Input: extrinsic information of coded bits Lc j Net ( n ) ; the a priori extrinsic of information bits is equal to 0. Output: extrinsic information of coded bits Lc j Dec ( n ).
(7) Step 3. (Network decoding) The extrinsic of information bits Lu 1 Dec ( n ) ( u 1 ), Lu 2 Dec ( n ) ( u 2 ), L u Dec(n)(w) are input to the network decoder to output Lu 1 Net ( n ) ( u 1 ), Lu 2 Dec ( n ) ( u 2 ), L u Net(n)(w).
(9) Step 5. (Feedback) The extrinsic of information bits Lu 1 Net ( n ) ( u 1 ), Lu 2 Net ( n ) ( u 2 ), and L u Net(n)(w) are feedback to SISO decoders 1,2, and R as a priori information for the next iteration, as follows: IA 1 n + 1 ( u 1 ) = Lu 1 Net ( n ) ( u 1 ) ; IA 2 n + 1 ( u 2 ) = Lu 2 Net ( n ) ( u 2 ) ; IA r n + 1 ( w r ) = Lu r Net ( n ) ( w r ).
Step 5. (Feedback) The extrinsic of information bits Lu 1 Net ( n ) ( u 1 ), Lu 2 Net ( n ) ( u 2 ), and L u Net(n)(w) are feedback to SISO decoders 1,2, and R as a priori information for the next iteration, as follows: IA 1 n + 1 ( u 1 ) = Lu 1 Net ( n ) ( u 1 ) ; IA 2 n + 1 ( u 2 ) = Lu 2 Net ( n ) ( u 2 ) ; IA r n + 1 ( w r ) = Lu r Net ( n ) ( w r ).
The coagulation system can be activated by two pathways, the intrinsic and the extrinsic, of which both lead to the formation of the prothrombinase complex on phospholipid membranes.
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The complexity of stem cell niches poses a tremendous challenge to understanding mechanisms of extrinsic regulation of stem cell fate.
As a method of increasing resolution, extrinsic enrichment of partition of unity is used.
Another group of extrinsic determinants of health include human activities and environmental determinants [ 27].
The said synergism is the result of the potentiation of the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis.
Another level of protection induced upon infection is resistance to inducers of the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis, such as TRAIL.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com