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All samples were ground prior to AFB1 extraction, and the sample extracts used for the ICA assay were prepared as follows: 5.0 g of the pulverized sample was extracted with 25 mL methanol water (70 30, v/v) for 20 min on a vortex shaker.
The variation in the time of formation of AgNPs owes to the phytoconstituents present in the plant extracts used for the synthesis.
Extracts used for antioxidant enzyme assays were prepared using 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) containing 1 mM EDTA-2Na, while buffers used in TBARS and GSH and GSSG assays additionally contained TCA (100 and 50 mg/mL, respectively).
More detailed chemical fractionation experiments are required for further testing the hypothesis that micronutrients and particularly Zn are the major active ingredients of seaweed extracts used for soil applications as antioxidative cold-stress protectants.
Among all the extracts used for the synthesis, Pg, Ao, Nl and Xa exhibited unprecedented bioreduction properties by effecting nucleation and growth of SNPs within 2 min of reaction (Fig. 1b, c, e, k; Table 2).
To test the validity of signal quantitation by the Pinus microarray, 60-mer probes were selected and corresponding transcripts in cDNA transcribed from the original total RNA extracts used for microarray hybridisation were quantified by RT-PCR.
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The supernatant fraction was the cell free extract used for the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles.
Thus, it confirms the fact that turmeric extract used for the synthesis of nanocomposites contain curcuminoids.
The cell free extract used for the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles was enriched in alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and glutathione reductase (GR) enzymes.
Q-PCR analyses were carried out from the same RNA extract used for microarray hybridization.
The buffer of the crude extract used for immunoprecipitation was diluted 1 10 and analyzed in parallel (unbound fraction).
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