To determine the absolute number of bacteria per extraction, we extracted infected fly hemolymph and used fluorescence microscopy to calculate the concentration of Spiroplasma cells stained using SYTO9 (as described above).
In order to identify the cellular targets involved in cancer cell cytotoxity of Ashwagandha leaf extract (i-Extract), we infected the MCF7 cells with retrovirus driven randomized ribozyme library prior to the treatment.
Most of our knowledge on the role of human DC in the processing and presentation of antigens to naïve T cells is based on in vitro studies, performed in traditional cell culture systems and in the absence of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, in which DC are pulsed with pathogen extracts or infected with pathogens and are then co-cultured with naïve T cells [5], [6], [7], [8], [9].
Mouse hepatocytes were extracted or infected with adenoviruses expressing FLAG-tagged ERRα, PGC-1α or GFP as a control.
Lack of significant reduction in the mean BW among aqueous and methanol extract-fed infected mice four days post-treatment further signifies the positive effect of the plant material on mice BW.
Similarly, the source of a bacterial pathogen outbreak responsible for citrus canker in the United States was identified using bacterial DNA extracted from infected leaves present in historical collections of the host plant (Li et al., 2007).
130 extracts were prepared from infected apples, 47 extracts from infected prune and 56 extracts from infected cherries (Table 2).
Two weeks post infection, PR/8-specific IgA was detected in fecal pellet extracts of mice infected with 1LD50 of PR/8 and 1,000 pfu of GP42-H1 but not in extracts from mice infected with 1,000 pfu of GP42-GFP or mice that received AF.
WB of the input extracts and IP proteins (Fig. 3B) revealed that GFP was specifically co-IP from the cytoplasmic extracts of cells infected with EPEC/pT3sVgfp demonstrating the formation of intracellular GFP-T3sVgfp complexes.
Western blot analyses were conducted on crude extracts of cells infected with rickettsiae, using a monoclonal anti-RickA antibody.
