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The optimum EDTA concentration for heavy metal extraction ranges between 10−2 and 10−3 M. The higher the concentration, the greater the extraction efficiency, but as the EDTA concentration is increased there is an optimum point at which clogging takes place and permeability decreases.
According to the literature [ 18], the efficiency of classic liquid extraction ranges from 64.6 to 88.1%, whereas the authors' method is characterized by efficiency close to 100%.
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Selectivity of the ammonium chloride solvent was high at 95 97% and efficiency of calcium extraction ranged between 25%and39%9%.
Under optimum operating conditions, MASE showed significantly better recoveries than those obtained by the conventional extraction method (ultrasonic and reflux extraction), ranging from 90.6% to 103.2%.
Reports of the mortality from laser-assisted extraction range from 1.9%to3.4%4%.
The TSNAs, some of which are known carcinogens, showed the highest percentage extraction (range 34.6%–37.8%).
The content of the lipid extraction ranged from 4.34% to 4.52% on a dry weight basis.
The average recoveries of BDE-47, BDE-99, BDE-100, BDE-153 and BDE-154 added to the cow milk before extraction ranged from 79107%07% (Table 3).
For the individual sandal charms, results of the dilute HCl extraction ranged at 96 hr from a minimum of 13 µg Cd to almost 2,100 µg Cd, with a mean of 912 µg Cd.
The average proportion of chemicals recovered by extraction ranged between 45 and 80; for most the recovery was > 60% (i.e., recovery was < 60% for PCB congeners 170, 194, and 203) (Brock et al. 1996).
Availability studies showed concentrations ranging from 2.60 5.60 mg/kg for Pb, 0.53 2.03 mg/kg for Cd and 0.15 2.88 mg/kg for Ni after saline extraction, and the concentrations after stomach acid extractions ranged from 3.33 7.10 mg/kg, 1.15 3.15 mg/kg and 1.33 1.81 mg/kg for Pb, Cd and Ni, respectively.
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