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The culture broth was filtered through 0.45 μm membrane filter (Millipore Millex-HV Hydrophilic PVDF) and the filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate, chloroform and methanol (1 1v/v) and shaken vigorously for 1 h in a solvent extraction funnel.
The phases were resolved in the extraction funnel, and the lower phase was separated and concentrated.
Briefly, the culture was mixed with one volume of ethyl acetate and strongly shaken by hand in an extraction funnel to homogenize the mixture.
The solution was transferred to an extraction funnel and converted to a two-phase Bligh Dyer system by changing the solvent proportions to 2 2 1.8 by addition of CHCl3 (40 mL) and water (68 mL).
Similar(56)
During the next several weeks, the material was processed with two small Berlese extraction funnels, which separate live arthropods from nonliving debris.
Enchytraeids were sampled using six-fold cores (diameter 5.8 cm×15 cm, 6 rings of 2.5 cm height each), extracted using wet funnel extraction, identified, measured and counted.
Between the serial extractions, the funnels were vigorously shaken for 2 min.
Experimental treatments on upland grasslands that included nutrient addition and use of an insecticide were shown to have significant effects on invertebrate communities, estimated by pitfall traps and Tullgren funnel extractions, including potential slug predators.
After consumption of alkyne 7 as indicated by TLC monitoring, the mixture was diluted with CH2Cl2 and transferred into a separating funnel for extraction.
However, since 1965, Shanghai has been controlled by restricting groundwater extraction and several subsidence funnels can still be observed [21, 22].
Earthworms were sampled in May and October 1999 using a combination of formaline extraction and modified wet funnels.
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