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This, in plain language, is the gloomy claim that, since all previous scientific theories have in the end been shown wrong, present ones will be, too.If, in light of these puzzles, you now ask why scientists are so confident about their beliefs, it will obviously be tempting to look away from internal issues of theory and evidence to external questions about social influences on scientists.
Rudolf Carnap's (1956) distinction between internal and external questions may prove relevant here.
The external questions that the metaphysician tries to ask are meaningless.
But here it is important to distinguish between internal and external questions concerning a system of categories.
In fact, it is in part due to such difficulties that external questions about categorical and other metaphysical structures arise.
Tait argues that it is hard to see how any sense can be made of such external questions.
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Political economy, or a general sociology, then seeks to answer a question similar to the third, external question of differentiation posed by the philosophical discussion of the concept of law.
The words 'Are there numbers?' thus can be used in two ways: as an internal question, in which case the answer is trivially 'yes', but this has nothing to do with metaphysics or ontology, or as an external question, which is the one the philosophers are trying to ask, but which is meaningless.
To this we must add that for Carnap ramseyfications of theoretical terms can support only internal existence claims: he explicitly reaffirmed his confidence in the distinction between internal and external question to defuse the realism/anti-realism issue (1966 [1996, 256]).
The season external question becomes; is Brody the prisoner of war who turned?
The best one can do to make sense of external existence questions is to re-construe them as pragmatic questions as to which frameworks to accept.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com