To date, there has been a strong reliance in the maltreatment literature for young children on brief questionnaires, often completed by single external informants (e.g. parents).
Ideally, the classification should have been validated by detailed descriptions of the factual functioning of the ward organization by external informants, e.g. patients.
UNICEF's level of engagement and leadership on the development side has been one of marked and steady improvement, while on the humanitarian side it has been consistently high, and indeed — according to external informants — unparalleled among the UN agencies.
This process was complemented by feedback from co-authors and external expert informants with diverse expertise to minimize the bias of any one perspective.
Additional external key informants interviewed included representatives of a private hospital, that of the Uganda Health Consumers Organization, two multi-lateral agencies, three bilateral agencies, two international organizations and one international NGO.
As opportunities and threats are linked to external factors and informants were asked to discuss at the system level, it seems logic that it was hard to identify elements situated outside the boundaries of this system.
To extend the psychometric study of the Cognitive Change Checklist (3CL) by examining the reliability, factor structure, and external correlates of 3CL informant and self-report ratings in community-dwelling adults.
Although measures of community capacity have generally been based on appraisals by external assessors or key informants at the community level, we chose to use population-based data from our full sample of 2335 women (which includes women with recent births as well as those who had never been pregnant or who had not had a birth within the past 5 years).
Although external circumstances were the source defining the category "nagging darkness", some of the informants also ascribed their illness to internal factors, such as hormones, genes or heredity.
To prevent underreporting of symptoms, external validation is desirable by collecting information from relevant informants.
