Consequently, the internal complexity of the software organization should not be excessive, in order for it to be able to cope with the external complexity with matching speed.
Dealing with external complexity may in fact require significantly more expertise then constructing the clinical logic itself.
To achieve balance between complexity and functionality, we have designed the HealthFlow system to have three different levels of external complexity (basic, advanced, and ultimate).
As external systems complexity increases, which is mostly uncontrollable (e.g. IoT), systems thinking, analysis and engineering capabilities are needed to cope with it.
Operators' actions in power systems can be affected by various factors, like external environment, complexity of operation task, operators' knowledge and experience, and so on.
A key limitation of Ashby's law is that it fails to distinguish between necessary complexity (i.e., internal complexity required to adapt to a complex external environment) and unnecessary complexity (e.g., internal complexity caused by suboptimal organization design decisions) (Worren 2012).
We introduce concepts of external and internal complexity to analyze the relation between an adaptive system and its environment.
In both cases due to the nonlinear response to the external forcing, the complexity of the magnetic measurements is increased with respect to those of the inducing electronic unit temperature changes, and therefore, they are characterized by a higher number of IMFs.
Important external barriers included: complexity of provision of services, patients' limited awareness of different services and their inexperience in accessing services, patients needing a higher level or longer length of service than they currently have access to, or an actual lack of available services, patient poverty, rurality, and transport.
