Exact(3)
Thus, the soul itself has an intellectual activity that has the second powers or lower soul as its external act.
In the case of the latter (an external act), the power of the will is not sufficient, and another source of power is needed.
Scotus's position, as understood by Wodeham, states that while an external act can only be good if it falls under the control of the will (cf. Adams and Wood 1981, 9), the external and indirectly controlled act can nevertheless contribute an additional moral goodness beyond the moral value accrued through the act of volition.
Similar(56)
A long-standing debate within both Jain communities concerns the relative value of external acts of worship and internalized acts of mental discipline and meditation.
In an effort to make sure each student is honoured a public google document has been created "to ensure we never forget the names of victims of internal and external acts of mass violence".
According to him, external acts are morally significant only by extrinsic denomination from internal acts.
For Walter Chatton, Ockham and Wodeham's position on the amoral status of external acts leads to unsavory consequences.
Acts of virtues (or vices) other than such external acts of inter-personal (in)justice cannot rightly be prohibited unless they involve (in)justice.
The discussion is grounded in the distinction between purely internal acts (or volitional acts, acts within the power of the will) and external acts (or acts that can only be indirectly controlled by the will).
The distinction between the soul itself and its powers (the lower soul) is an instance of the distinction between internal and external acts, mentioned above.
Rather, it is those aspects of the political community's common good that can be called public good, and that are affected by external acts directly or indirectly affecting other members of the community.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com