The benefit of using LND could be that it also incorporates the extent of surgical staging.
Study designs varied with regard to the extent of conventional staging, the use of PET alone or PET/CT, and the method used to define PET positivity.
The scope and extent of initial staging work-up and follow-up, especially with respect to distant disease, is undefined and deserves further evaluation, particularly given the increasing recognition of the prevalence of distant disease.
Optimal surgical management, and specifically – the indications for, and optimal extent of surgical staging have been an ongoing topic of controversy (Mariani et al, 2000; Benedetti Panici et al, 2008; Mariani et al, 2008; Bernardini et al, 2009; Neubauer et al, 2009; Dowdy et al, 2012).
Stage I indicating involvement of the hollow visceral wall alone (substaged according to bulk and extent of tumour) Stage II indicating local extension, either to adjacent organs (IIE) or to draining lymph nodes (local first echelon or region).
Venture capital investment has slowed in the third quarter, but estimates reliant on data available at quarters' end overstate the extent of early stage declines.
Most notably, fuel-rich operation limits the extent of catalyst-stage reaction based on available oxygen, regardless of the fuel's intrinsic reactivity on the catalyst.
The remaining tetrapod species were chosen based on the extent of described stages and the usability of the published figures.
However, unlike breast cancer, there is no clear relationship between extent of delay, stage and survival.
In patients with colon cancer, the extent of tumour stage, defined by the depth of invasion, involvement of lymph nodes and metastatic spread to distant organs, still confers the most useful prognostic information.
