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The overall number and extent of mutations were formulated into a mutational load that increased in correlation with increasingly severe histological classification.
Even though the significance of anther culturing has been emphasized in terms of genetic variation, there is little information on the origin and extent of mutations derived during anther culturing.
Most of the published work till date on the extent of mutations in tumors is on colon carcinogenesis.
In this study we tried to determine the extent of mutations in low and high grade primary human tumors of astrocytic origin.
Hence, while conscious of these limitations, we have calculated the extent of mutations in the following way: a) Number of amplified bands × 4 = the number of relevant 3' ends (as the same primer acts both as forward and reverse primer and there are two alleles).
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The extent of mutation during the optimization phase is governed by the collective search patterns of the swarm.
We aimed to better understand the relationship between histological changes in BE and the presence and extent of mutation acquisition.
A brief description of the testing technique and its clinical and analytical sensitivities for the specific population being screened (ie, extent of mutation screening and coverage of disease-associated mutations, region and limits of detection) should be provided.
Germline testing has to date identified 42 cases with a deleterious mutation in either BRCA1 or BRCA2; a full description of the methods and extent of mutation testing can be found in Dite et al (2003).
We define a novel formalization to quantify the excess of cSNPs and cSNSs, use these definitions to develop theory to estimate the extent of mutation rate variation, and conclude by discussing its potential impact on population genetic inference.
As an example, the vastly different assignments of the catalytic contributions of residues in the Ketosteroid Isomerase oxyanion hole, dependent on the type and extent of mutation, provide a particularly clear demonstration of this limitation and underscore the need to clearly and explicitly define the comparison states (Kraut et al., 2010; Schwans et al., 2011).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com