Such HF chaos in young/elderly subjects is ascribable at least in part to the recently reported chaotic dynamics of respiratory activity (again discerned by noise titration) [29], [31] — which may induce RSA via its gating of preganglionic vagal-cardiac neural activity [35] (and perhaps to some extent also via modulation of the baroreflex [48]).
Under the condition of high-reward-induced, as compared to with low reward-induced, motivation, volitional top-down control processes were thought to be employed to a greater extent, which resulted in modulation of the IOR effect.
These results identify modulation of the extent and specificity of antigen presentation as a mechanism likely required for pregnancy success.
However, given that a potential cardioprotective effect of volatile anesthetic agents relates to a modulation of the extent of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, the analysis of the major cardiac events needs to be focused on the occurrence of these events in the subgroup of patients who had perioperative myocardial ischemia.
In addition, the results indicated that the lexical status of the speech stimulus interacts with acoustic factors exerting a top-down modulation of the extent to which novel sounds gain access to the subject's awareness through memory-based processes.
Modulation of parietal activity reported in two studies with speeded auditory and visual tasks [15], [19] might reflect interference between stimulus-response mappings [32 34.] The extent of modulation of workspace activity in ventrolateral prefrontal cortex predicted the strength of audio-visual interference in individual subjects.
We demonstrate the extent of the porcine immune response against CSFV and the modulation of the host-signalling pathways by the virus.
Cytokines have an essential role in the modulation of the immune response and, to a large extent, determine the course of a disease [ 31, 33].
We then used the DID model to test the hypothesis that reverse pharmacogenetic modulation of the NAc using DREADDs could reversibly decrease ethanol consumption to a similar extent.
Similarly to the case of respiratory tremor, its main effect is amplitude modulation of the voice signal but it also causes frequency modulation with a lower modulation extent.
