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The current extensive production system has clearly become unsustainable, and the extent to which Fulani pastoralists can adapt their livelihood strategies to integrate with prevailing conditions will determine the viability of their livelihoods in the future.
Lambs born in extensive production system were more (P<0.0001) likely to die from starvation (HR=4.6), gastrointestinal infections (HR=3.2), and hypothermia (HR=2.2), compared with semi-extensive system.
Due to the highly extensive production system (free range grazing, transhumance for nine months in the year), only 30% of manure is collected and only some of this is used on their own fields - the rest is given away to neighbours.
The extensive production system is further categorized into pastoral and crop-livestock mixed farming systems.
Therefore, the disease likely spreads to the unaffected animals and herds, given the extensive production system prevailing in the area, which may allow contact of animals during grazing and at watering points.
Most slaughtered ruminants are raised in the extensive production system, and the study animals were collected from various markets of the lowland, midland and highland animal production areas of the country.
Similar(52)
That means that the network can send less equipment and fewer people to a convention site, and use its more extensive production systems at home.
'Acceptable' methane is associated with extensive production systems that are perceived to be more 'natural'natural
Extensive production systems were associated with traditional cultural practices and hence represent a human-animal association that has existed over historical periods of time.
All goats had been kept under extensive production systems either as mixed crop livestock production system or as a pastoral system of production.
This method could, with further development, be used in countries with both intensive and/or extensive production systems and would require substantially less resources than animal-based methods.
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