Student answers to this question are predictable (Table 1, also see Gregory 2009 for an extensive review of common misconceptions about natural selection).
Of the BEL Survey's 23 statements, two (11, 16) were taken directly from Cunningham and Wescott's survey; eight were adapted from Cunningham and Wescott's survey (1, 6, 7, 9, 15, 17, 20, 22); and the remaining 13 statements (2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 18, 19, 21, 23) were developed through an extensive search of biological evolution misconception literature.
Two BEL Survey statements (11 and 16) were acquired directly and eight statements (1, 6, 7, 9, 15, 17, 20, 22) were adapted from Cunningham and Wescott's survey; the remaining 13 statements (2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 18, 19, 21, 23) were developed through an extensive search of biological evolution misconception literature.
Additionally, this activity fulfills several recommendations for best practices on teaching evolution more effectively: make extensive use of active learning, directly address student misconceptions, incorporate multi-modal instruction, and introduce opportunities for communication and collaboration (AAAS 2011; Nelson 2008).
The seminars focus on providing extensive information about the physics of flight, demystifying common misconceptions about turbulence and midair collisions (the first is uncomfortable but entirely safe, the second more or less impossible with hi-tech navigation systems).
Each item was developed following an extensive review of the relevant research literature pertaining to misconceptions relating to the particular concept.
Research into students' misconceptions continued through the 1980s and 1990s, providing extensive information about the nature of students' understandings (Driver et al., 1985, 1994; Wandersee et al., 1994).
The low use of thiazides may be caused by misconceptions concerning possible problems with the use of thiazides and the extensive promotion of other more expensive medications [ 12].
An extensive review of the literature regarding the therapist's management of HO reveals current misconceptions about passive range of motion (PROM).
Several questions were adapted from the extensive serosurvey questionnaire to assess the uptake of VCT, knowledge of HIV transmission and presence of local misconceptions regarding HIV prevention and treatment [ 25].
