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Selection bias is a form of systematic error that can be severe in compromised study designs such as case-control studies with inappropriate selection mechanisms or follow-up studies that suffer from extensive attrition.
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For one thing, he does not call for extensive layoffs — attrition, he argues, will do most of the downsizing.
Extensive dental attrition, numerous foci of dental caries, and dentogenic abscesses coincided with considerable dental calculus indicating poor oral hygienic conditions.
These encounters, along with shifting food supplies and intertribal territorial wars, generated extensive migration and attrition among some groups.
In addition, although sufficient quantities of ML46 DNA could not be obtained at 54 population doublings, because of extensive apoptosis, telomere attrition was already evident in those cells at 40 population doublings.
For the wood pellet, carbon attrition was extensive, but was largely counterbalanced by effective afterburning due to the large intrinsic reactivity of attrited char fines.
This suggests that extensive recruitment efforts to prevent attrition at age 19 increased the representativeness of our sample, like it did eight years earlier.
In most but not all cases, 'basal' LDH released from control cultures (attrition due to extensive washes) was subtracted from values obtained in experimental conditions to yield the signal specific to hypoglycaemic death.
69 Squadron operated the Kurnass (Sledgehammer), as the Phantom was known in Israel, for 25 years and its Phantoms saw extensive action during the War of Attrition, Yom Kippur War, First Lebanon War and numerous engagements in between.
A comparison of results from a 1996 survey [171] of marine taxonomists and systematists in Canada with those from an extensive revision carried out in 2004 [172] suggests attrition due to retirement as a major cause of this decline.
These buildings are waging a war of attrition, forcing potential residents to supply extensive documentation in the hopes that those who appear to be a financial risk will walk away of their own volition.
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