That the search would not be extended in the absence of any significant discovery has been consistently signalled by the Australian body in charge for more than a year.
In Listeria monocytogenes, experiments involving a few specific genes showed that the transcripts from a functional sigB gene were accumulated for an extended period during lag phase after an osmotic upshift [ 8] and, at low temperatures, lag phase was extended in the absence of a functional sigB gene [ 9].
Importantly, sympathetic neurons isolated from bax−/− knockout mice are strongly protected against NGF withdrawal-induced death in vitro and will survive for extended periods in the absence of NGF, although the neurons still become atrophied.
A recent study reported that broad-spectrum pharmacological inhibition of PKC can block ESC differentiation, though the authors did not implicate Prkci specifically nor investigate extended culture in the absence of serum (Dutta et al., 2011).
Structural studies of Lys63-linked diubiquitin (K63-Ub2) have indicated that K63-Ub2 mostly adopts open extended conformations in the absence of a ligand and in complex with many target proteins (Datta et al., 2009; Komander et al., 2009; Sato et al., 2009a; Weeks et al., 2009; Sekiyama et al., 2012).
To understand the mechanisms by which cells navigate in a gradient of chemoattractant we have first investigated how cells extend pseudopodia in the absence of external cues, and then characterized the bias of size, direction or position of pseudopodia that is induced by the gradient.
Finally, we assessed the capacity of DR to extend lifespan in the absence of dFOXO, the insulin/IGF-responsive transcription factor.
Although CR inhibits the accumulation of acetic acid in stationary phase cultures under some conditions, it can also reduce intracellular levels of O2 - and extend CLS in the absence of changes in levels of acetic acid.
Thus, the pma1-105 allele no longer extends lifespan in the absence of V-ATPase activity, suggesting that the ability to acidify the vacuole is required for the majority of the effect of the pma1-105 allele on lifespan.
Importantly, however, the ability of the intestinal daf-16 to extend lifespan in the absence of daf-16 elsewhere was observed under all conditions, including the worms fed OP50.
Disruption of both copies of Igf1r (Igf1r−/−) is embryonically lethal whereas disruption of only one copy (Igf1r+/−) extends lifespan in the absence of obvious pathological manifestations (Holzenberger et al., 2003).
