I think about it like I think about my still-extant student loans.
This measure did not assess students' knowledge of evolution facts; in this respect, it differs from extant measures of students' acceptance of evolution (e.g., Rutledge and Warden 1999), which tend to conflate acceptance and understanding.
The reference collection of skulls for extant vertebrates permits students to make comparisons and contrasts with the extinct fossil skulls.
Given the extant literature regarding students' inability, or unwillingness, to learn about evolution, it is reasonable to suggest that the confluence of events that occur during adolescence coalesce to shape students' ideas about evolution.
The intervention assignments and lab 10 exercises presented only extant outgroups to the students, and the familiarity students gained with extant outgroups between the pre- and postconcept assessments may explain why so many students would mistakenly place an extinct ancestor at the tip of the tree.
About 80% of students placed extant species at the tips of branches and around 55% showed evidence of a single common ancestor in the post-survey.
However, little research has examined this in China; the few studies extant focused on university students [ 3, 4], and females of childbearing age [ 1] or seeking abortions [ 5].
For example, using data from extant human populations can help students understand that basal mtDNA clades are not "primitive" and, in fact, comprise an important component of modern human diversity.
Moreover, the extant program outcome data illustrate students' reported value of the structured career development activities, including the ICDP and the SWOT personal career analysis, with the most highly rated program component being meetings with career coaches.
We attribute a large chunk of the extant text of the Zhuangzi to "students of Zhuangzi" but we have little hint of who his students were or if he even had students in any formal sense.
This finding is promising, but the extant literature described above suggests that students generally do not possess a strong command of evolutionary concepts when they enter college.
