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The authors conclude that alpha cells are equipped to adapt to and survive metabolic stress by expressing higher expression of survival factors.
Thus, by modulating the intracellular expression of survival factors, including HIF-1α and GADD45β, chondrocytes survive efficiently in the avascular cartilage matrix and respond to environmental changes.
By modulating the intracellular expression of survival factors such as HIF-1α, chondrocytes have a high capacity to survive in the avascular cartilage matrix and to respond to environmental changes.
Functional relationships between erythroid bone marrow (BM) proliferation, differentiation, the expression of survival and apoptotic related proteins, as well as the features of the BM microenvironment upon acute anemic stress, are not fully elucidated.
For instance, increased expression of ERCC1, which is a pivotal endonuclease in the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway (Zhou et al., 2004), and increased expression of survival signaling pathways, such as activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K /AKT pathway, and overexpression of HER2 (Calikusu et al., 2009) allow tumor cells to evade apoptosis.
Moreover, in these cells Fas, which normally activates apoptotic pathways, switches its function and induces the expression of survival proteins.
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CF-CM caused a significant reversal of hypoxia-induced inhibition of DNA synthesis and enhanced expression of survival-associated protein, Bcl2, in HUVEC.
First, the correlation between the expression of survival-associated gene groups and survival data was quantified by a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model; then, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was used to preselect the gene groups obtained by the first step.
The expression of survival-associated transcripts was decomposed into metagenes by PCA, and the ability of each principal component to predict survival was assessed based on the values calculated by leave-one-out cross-validation applied to the full metagene discovery pipeline.
Therefore, the expression of survival-associated genes in ODG and OAC can be divided into at least two subgroups; genes such as Olig1 and Olig2 that are expressed in all glial tumors, and genes such as Fabp7 that are restricted to astrocytes.
We used a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model to quantify the correlation between the expression profiles of survival gene groups and patient survival data.
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