Thus, maternal effects may often be critical in the expression of resource polymorphism.
Thus, maternal effects that are manifested as differential oviposition decisions could also influence the expression of resource polymorphism.
Previous research by Pfennig and Martin [10] suggests that a condition-dependent maternal effect mediates differences in the expression of resource polymorphism in different populations of an amphibian.
The overall goal of our study was to determine the proximate mechanisms underlying a maternal effect influencing the expression of resource polymorphism in S. multiplicata.
These two approaches could disentangle the affects of maternal investment on the expression of resource polymorphism from other environmental and genetic parental effects.
For example, the expression of resource polymorphism can be influenced by numerous environmental cues, such as conspecific density [23], [49], [50], degree of relatedness among conspecifics [51], [33], and the type and quality of prey [24], [25], [52], [53].
Indeed, the amount of variation accounted for by family identity in offspring foraging behavior, egg size, and tadpole size (see Results), suggests that additional parental effects contribute to these traits and to the expression of resource polymorphism.
Row configuration affects how many crop rows interact with the same species and how many rows interact with the other species, shaping the expression of plasticity, resource capture, and growth.
By influencing the expression of novel resource-use phenotypes, maternal effects may play a largely underappreciated role in the origins of novelty.
For the key concepts and misconceptions that were scored by EvoGrader but were not targeted in our revisions, there was only one significant difference (an improvement), in the expression of the Limited resources key concept (Additional file 1: Table S9).
