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To show a role of androgens in the modulation of the gap junctional intercellular communication and sensitivity of epididymal cells to androgens, the expression of predominant gap junction protein connexin 43 (Cx43) and the AR were detected in three regions of adult boar epididymis by means of immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.
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Semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), utilizing primers designed to amplify known isoforms of VEGF revealed expression of two predominant forms, VEGF120 and VEGF164 and northern blot hybridization detected VEGF mRNA of 4.5 kb.
For both the lung and blood, co-delivery of GM-CSF DNA with the HA DNA vaccine augmented expression of the predominant cytokine (TNF-α in the lung, IFN-γ in the blood) in the CD4+ T cell response.
We used quantitative real-time PCR, in situ hybridization, immunoblots and patch-clamp recording from several brain regions to examine the expression of the predominant TRPC channels in the rodent brain.
By contrast, whilst TNFα expression is upregulated in degeneration, gene and protein expression of the predominant TNF receptor (TNF R1) is, if anything, reduced, with few cells showing demonstrable protein production.
The etiology underlying the attenuated parasympathetic responsiveness in the hearts of offspring of obese dams may be receptor independent given that there were no differences in the protein expression of the predominant muscarinic (M2) acetylcholine receptor between groups.
Data regarding rice and Arabidopsis orthologs of predicted rice photorespiration genes support the use of predominant expression and/or highest differential expression for predicting the function of gene products in biochemical pathways.
Previous studies have shown that expression of Insig2a, the predominant Insig2 isoform in liver, is enhanced during fasting and attenuated during feeding (Yabe et al., 2003).
Over expression of heparanase, the predominant HS degrading enzyme, in transgenic mice and tumor tissues resulted in pronounced structural alterations of HS [25].
In TG9 mice GLUT1 levels are similarly increased whereas the expression of GLUT4, the predominant glucose transporter in the adult heart, is unchanged [10].
The results showed that the expression of CD49b (a predominant marker of Tr1) before the introduction of antiviral therapy was significantly associated with SVR.
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