Expression of death receptors was studied by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy.
(A) The relative expression of death receptors in different subsets of peripheral blood leukocytes was compared by cDNA array.
We demonstrated that CYD-6-28 induces apoptosis at least partially by inducing the expression of death receptor 5 (DR5).
Open image in new window Figure 3 G-Rh2 induced the expression of death receptors and the apoptosis induced by G-Rh2 in HeLa cells is dependent on Fas.
The first one is characterized by the increased expression of TNF-alpha receptor (TNFR1); the second one has properties of enhanced expression of death domain (Fas-associated protein with death domain, FADD), caspase-8, and caspase-10.
High expression of death receptors and caspase 3 in Th1 cells make them prone to apoptosis [25] [28].
Treatment of mice with resveratrol and TRAIL alone upregulated the expression of death receptors (DR4 and DR5).
Indeed, we could not detect any CD137-induced changes CD95 or CD95 ligand, nor in the expression of death receptor (DR 4 and DR5 and TRAIL (not shown).
These effects can also be achieved by increased expression of death receptors and/or ligands that create a tumor cell-intrinsic autocrine signaling loop.
We next examined the effects of resveratrol and/or TRAIL on the expression of death receptors (TRAIL-R1/DR4 and TRAIL-R2/DR5) by immunohistochemistry in tumor tissues derived from in vivo experiment (Fig. 3A, left and right panels).
Understanding the signaling events in HIV-1-infected macrophages may lead to the development of new therapies to alleviate macrophage-mediated HIV-1 pathogenesis by reducing the expression of death ligand TRAIL.
