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It's fair to say that there is little research into laughter: a Pubmed search for "emotional expression fear" turns up over 1,000 published papers, while a search for "emotional expression laughter" turns up just 44.
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The expression of laughter depends on two partially independent neuronal pathways.
Some smiles are voluntary and smiling can be differentiated into 16 different expressions [ 24], but there is only one expression of laughter.
Regarding facial expression, because laughter uses the most facial muscles and the brain is more stimulated following laughing and smiling [ 30, 31], we weighted positive facial expression in three phases as follows based on the facial expression analysis of Ekman et al. [ 32]: Smile 1= smiling/interest with change in mouth angle and eyes only.
Concomitantly, recognize the universality of a person's natural inclination to an expression of laughter when feeling high and to that of tears when feeling low.
He then hits a gray "speak" button and the typed text becomes audible, the words accentuated by his facial expressions and laughter.
He, more than any of the other leaders, treated the audience to a giddy medley of facial expressions – smiles, laughter, grimaces, dancing eyebrows and displays of indignation.
It's a late, uninspired work that was out of date when it premiered in 1981, and the dancers' exaggerated facial expressions prompted laughter.
His expressions, anger, laughter and anguish are all so realistic that you can feel the fire in him".
Davila-Ross and coworkers compared this pattern to variable expressions of laughter in human interactions, where laughter is predominantly used as a social glue to promote and maintain affiliations and group membership.
Hence the expression "weak with laughter" to describe someone who has just laughed hard and long.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com