Interestingly, the only gene encoding a WNT ligand, WNT5B, that was identified as being differentially expressed (upregulated in OA bone) in the present study was recently demonstrated to increase in expression during in vitro osteoblast differentiation [ 68].
According to identified mRNA profiles by using microarray technology, these target mRNAs might be stably expressed, upregulated, or downregulated in tumor cells.
Gene clusters reflect genes that are exclusively expressed or upregulated in one state, as well as those coregulated in two states (represented as percentages of total expression).
We screened the ESC and somatic cell extracts by microarray and determined that key genes of pluripotency were expressed or upregulated in the ESC extract.
In wild-type mice, Nhlh1 was expressed and upregulated in the base of the cochlea at E16.5 with an apparent base to apex gradient (Fig. 7E').
Importantly, SSTR-2 was also found specifically expressed and upregulated in human macrophages [13 15], suggesting detection by 68Ga-DOTATATE PET imaging.
In all experiments, the lic operon was consistently significantly differentially expressed, being upregulated in the sessile opaque variants.
Also known targets of the SHH signaling pathway such as SFRP1 and BCL2 were exclusively expressed or upregulated in this cluster.
For example, it is not clear whether Sema3F is expressed or upregulated in medulloblastoma.
On the other hand, there were also 26 genes that encode conserved Plasmodium proteins and are specifically expressed or upregulated in Oo.
Since we demonstrated that rA75/17red spread very efficiently in DBCCs, we investigated whether SLAM was expressed and/or upregulated in primary dog brain cells upon infection.
