These include stability of the antibody fragment, the labeling chemistry (direct or indirect), whether critical residues are modified, the number of antigen expressed on the cell, and whether the target has a rapid recycling rate or internalizes upon binding.
Hence, the direction that the immune response is driven – overall responsiveness or tolerance – will depend on when the IL2R is being expressed, on which cells, and whether IL-2 cytokine is present.
Surgery-induced weight loss was associated with a gradual and significant increase in the serum concentrations of POPs measured in obese patients whether expressed on a lipid weight basis or per milliliter of serum.
Since CD40 is expressed on multiple cell types, we asked whether the expression of CD40 on DC alone was critical for B7-DC XAb-induced anti-tumor immunity.
Further studies should determine whether BCRs expressed on HCV-associated lymphomas, particularly those that regress in response to anti-viral therapy, bind HCV antigens that stimulate their proliferation.
To examine whether RAGE expressed on tumor cells is modified by carboxylated glycans, we analyzed membrane preparations from cultured colon tumor cells.
Altogether, these data further confirmed the requirement of CD1d on the surface of the target cell for efficient killing, whether naturally expressed on the surface or bound via its fusion to an antitumor scFv fragment.
To determine whether RANK expressed on the surface of neutrophils was functional, healthy blood neutrophils preincubated 3 days in SF from patients with RA were stimulated by RANK-L (or TNF-α as a positive control) and total amounts of I-κB-α protein were evaluated by Western blotting.
In view of the critical role of cNKs (referred to as NKs hereafter unless stated otherwise) in anti-tumor innate immunity, the interesting issue for whether PRRs expressed on NK and/or other immune cells may recognize tumor cells for the enhancement of tumoricidal activity of NK cells.
