Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
expressed in usd
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
"expressed in usd" is correct and usable in written English.
You can use it when referring to a monetary amount in United States dollars, such as "The total cost of the project is $1,000, expressed in USD."
✓ Grammatically correct
Science
News & Media
Alternative expressions(19)
denominated in us dollars
in united states dollar terms
calculated in usd
valued in us currency
stated in american dollars
reported in us dollars
expressed in dollar
expressed in eur
expressed in euro
expressed in amount
expressed in american
expressed in euros
expressed in us dollar
expressed in cents
expressed in states
expressed in u s
expressed in per
expressed in u s dollars
expressed in us
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
2 human-written examples
All costs are expressed in USD as shown in table 4, 5, 6. Personnel costs were an important cost component among the three strategies.
Self-medication or drugs prescribed by another health care provider, taken before consulting the PHC, were elicited including the name of the drugs with their dosage, duration and costs in Vietnamese Dong (but here expressed in USD, taking a fixed exchange rate of 1USD = 15400VND - the exchange rate in 2003; http://www.vietcombank.com.vn/en/Exchange Rate.asp.asp
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
58 human-written examples
The outcome variables of the study were MIDAS scores, scores for SF-36 sub-scales and PCS and MCS, and WTP expressed in US dollars (USD). Comparisons were made between episodic headache and headache occurring on ≥15 days/month, and between MIG (including definite [dMIG] and probable [pMIG]) and TTH (including definite [dTTH] and probable [pTTH]).
Such "discoveries" rested on a very simplistic view of how the DNA of the human genotype is expressed in us poor, individual phenotypes – and I suspect many of the current discoveries, which link alterations in our highly plastic brains to cognitive functions we can observe using sophisticated equipment, will prove to be equally ill-founded.
News & Media
Costs were expressed in US dollars (2009) with an annual 3.5% discount and a 20-year time horizon.
Science
Costs are expressed in US dollars (1 US dollar = 34 New Taiwanese dolloar, exchange rate on the basis of the year 2004).
Science
*Most ICER values except two indications were retrieved from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence in United Kingdom (costs are expressed in US dollars; £1 equals $1.574 (as of January 29 , 2013).
Science
For presentation purposes all monetary values are expressed in US dollars (US$) with an official Central Bank exchange rate of 11.68 Mexican pesos (MXN$) per dollar (June 2011).
Science
Costs were based on government and hospital sources and expressed in US dollars (US$). XELOX patients received an average of 7.3 chemotherapy cycles (of the 8 planned cycles) and FOLFOX4 patients received 9.2 cycles (of the 12 planned cycles).
Science
Note that the estimates of financial resources are based on the program cost per individual of I$25 but are presented in US dollars by converting the non-tradable portion of the composite costs to 2005 US dollars, since budgets are typically expressed in US dollars (or local currencies) rather than international dollars [ 44].
Science
Hourly wages are expressed in standardized US Dollars (USD), all controlled for purchasing power parity (PPP) and indexed to 2011 levels.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When writing financial reports or scientific papers, always specify the currency using its standard abbreviation (USD) after indicating that values are "expressed in" that currency. This avoids ambiguity.
Common error
Avoid simply stating "expressed in dollars" without specifying which country's dollars are being used. Always clarify with "expressed in USD" to prevent confusion.
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "expressed in usd" functions as a modifier, specifying the currency in which a monetary value is presented. As Ludwig AI confirms, it's grammatically sound and appropriate for use in formal writing.
Frequent in
Science
60%
News & Media
20%
Formal & Business
20%
Less common in
Academia
0%
Encyclopedias
0%
Wiki
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
The phrase "expressed in usd" is a grammatically correct and functional way to indicate that monetary values are presented in United States dollars. As shown by Ludwig, this phrase is primarily used in scientific, formal, and business contexts to ensure clarity and avoid ambiguity. To improve clarity and prevent misinterpretations, always include the currency abbreviation (USD) and, when relevant, the year to account for inflation. By following these guidelines, your writing will be more precise and professional.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
denominated in us dollars
Focuses on the currency in which something is valued.
in united states dollar terms
Specifies the currency and its origin.
calculated in usd
Highlights the calculation process using the specified currency.
valued in us currency
Emphasizes the currency's value and origin.
stated in american dollars
Highlights the currency's origin.
reported in us dollars
Focuses on the reporting of amounts in the specific currency.
converted to us dollars
Indicates a conversion process to the specified currency.
equivalent in us dollars
Highlights the equivalence in the specified currency.
cost in us dollars
Specifies that a cost is being defined in United States dollars.
priced in us dollars
Indicates that a price is being specified in the currency.
FAQs
What does "expressed in usd" mean?
It means a value, such as a cost or price, is stated using United States dollars. This specification is crucial in international contexts to avoid confusion with other currencies also called "dollars".
When should I use "expressed in usd" in my writing?
Use "expressed in usd" when you're writing about financial or economic data and need to clearly indicate that the values are in United States dollars, especially when the audience may be international.
What are some alternatives to saying "expressed in usd"?
You can use alternatives like "denominated in us dollars", "in united states dollar terms", or "calculated in usd" depending on the specific context.
Is it necessary to specify the year when using "expressed in usd"?
It is often helpful to specify the year (e.g., "expressed in 2023 USD") to account for inflation and changes in currency exchange rates, providing a more accurate comparison of values over time.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
82%
Authority and reliability
4.1/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested