None of the Guéret protesters expressed allegiance to any politician: Most said politics disgusted them.
The group expressed allegiance to "diversity" and "ethnopluralism" — terms that sound politically correct to American ears but had a different meaning in Benoist's hands.
A less permanent way of expressing allegiance is buying the club's shirt and business in those bearing the number 22, as worn by Paul Dickov, is expected to boom.
"The two videos showing a few Muslims in the Philippines expressing allegiance to Isis with the use of the Black Flag demonstrates that Isis' threat to Philippine security is real rather than imagined," wrote Rommel Banlaoi on the online news portal Rappler.com.
Red Deer RCMP told VICE that they did receive several tips they are using during their call for information but none of the tipsters expressed allegiance to the Soldiers of Odin.
Before embarking on his rampage, he left a message publicly expressing allegiance to one of those groups, admiration for its spiritual leader, and hate for those who did not adhere to his ideology.
"It was a way of local cities being able to express their allegiance and sympathies to the emperor," said Abdy. "They were sucking up".
