Exact(7)
In this case, we used a binary probit for media exposure (selection equation) and an ordered probit for changes in grapefruit/grapefruit juice consumption (outcome equation).
In particular, a binary probit equation is used to assess for media exposure (selection equation) and an ordered probit equation is used to assess changes in grapefruit/grapefruit juice consumption (outcome equation).
If formulation has a very narrow end point window or potential stability issue due to moisture exposure, selection of a process using fluid-bed granulation may be of benefit.
Retrospective studies have such problems as recall of previous environmental exposure, selection bias and survivor bias.
As human populations moved north with less intense UV exposure, selection pressures from vitamin D deficiency resulted in lighter skin pigment.
However, it is often difficult to induce the teleomorph in vitro as many factors (e.g. nutrient media, temperature, light exposure, selection of compatible mating types) need to be optimized for a successful induction [ 17, 18].
Similar(53)
Although workforce-based studies allow an accurate measure of occupational exposures, selection bias is more likely to occur due to the healthy worker effect [ 12].
In summary, differential exposure to selection on competitive and cooperative abilities, in conjunction with selective factors targeting specifically dispersal distance, likely contributed importantly to shaping T. thermophila dispersal and life history evolution.
Overall, differential exposure to selection on competitive and cooperative abilities, in conjunction with selective factors targeting specifically dispersal distance, likely contributed importantly to shaping T. thermophila dispersal and life history evolution.
Confounding in turn affects estimates of the association between disease and exposure, causing selection bias, which distorts OR figures.
The most frequent reasons for decreased study quality were potential misclassification of exposure and selection bias.
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