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These mean exposures are assumed to be ordered according to groups, i.e., μ1 ≤ μ2 ≤ ··· ≤ μ G, which is reasonable if the subjects in the higher indexed group experience more exposure on the average.
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We present the results for exposure based on the average concentration of weekly or biweekly DBP measurements during the 90 days before semen collection.
Comparison of PbTx concentration obtained from area samples taken with high-volume samplers showed that the personal samples indicated a lower exposure concentration (on the average about 50%) from those obtained from the area sample.
The absence of increased risk for all leukemia or for acute leukemia among ELF-exposed welders does not support the hypothesis that the observed excess risk for leukemia or acute leukemia among workers in the electrical trades is due to their ELF exposure, which on the average is lower than that of welders.
In a study published in the November 2005 issue of Epidemiology, researchers reported observing effects nearly three times greater than those seen in earlier studies in which all the individuals within a given metropolitan area were assigned the same level of exposure based on the average ambient concentration observed at fixed points in that city.
Investigators plotted the site of the burn and drew a cone of smoke exposure based on the averaged wind directions with a 30 degree angle of smoke dispersion.
This concurs with the simulation findings of Sheppard et al. [ 12] who reported a "small but noticeable" attenuation in the heath effect estimate when ambient area exposure to PM2.5 was based on a single pollution monitor, but little if any attenuation when area exposure was based on the average across 3 or 10 monitors.
On the other hand, the exposure ages based on the average production rate for 1 to 6 cm depth (T38 avg) range from ~5 to 110 Ma.
Newborns in this study were classified into ClO4− exposure groups based on the average ClO4− concentrations calculated for the mother's city of residence.
Although all summary measures provide an imperfect assessment of adherence, overall adherence, since it takes into account the total days that each participant is in the trial, may provide a reasonable reflection of drug exposure on average over the duration of the trial.
The lack of information on the exposure period and the average intensity of exposure to SHS prevented a more refined analysis of the exposure response relationship and may have contributed to misclassification of exposure (Thun et al. 1999).
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com