It was used to prevent the exposure of substrates to the weak focusing shots at the beginning of the process before achieving strong focusing action.
Goheir et al. [52, 53] showed that the exposure of substrates to the plasma sheath inevitably resulted in the transition of SWNTs to MWNTs, which was attributed to ion bombardment effects.
The sequential exposure of substrates to the metal precursor, trimethylaluminum, and to the organic linker triethanolamine was investigated for the growth of alucone thin films that contain tertiary amine groups.
To achieve this we recommend that factors such as cell culture conditions are maintained well, exposure time of substrate and concentration (as well as storage of substrate) is maintained well and that cell density is equal between experiments (see Figure 1).
In all the simulations performed in the presence of the substrate, HP2 invariably stays closed, while removing the substrate results in a large opening motion of HP2 and complete exposure of the substrate to the extracellular solution.
They attributed this to the exposure of the substrate to the oxygen plasma in the very first ALD cycles.
The exposure of the substrate to the precursor vapor was defined using a non-dimensional parameter combining the process parameters other than temperature.
Alternated exposure of the substrate to stoichiometric amounts of aluminum alkoxide and water in liquid-phase conditions leads to the formation of a porous overcoat that was easily tunable by varying synthesis parameters.
The first current peak spiked during loading was responsible for partial exposure of iron substrate to the solution due to rupture of the passive film when the indenter tip contacted.
The method is based on cyclic exposure of a substrate, for predefined time intervals, to two totally independent plasma deposition sources, working in alternative sequences: magnetron sputtering (MS) for metal deposition and Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) for hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C H) deposition.
Hens (N = 30) without prior exposure to substrate were housed singly in cages at 34 weeks of age.
