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Microwave exposure of particles resulted in smaller particles; adding water increased the impact of microwave.
The EPFRs were generated through exposure of particles to three adsorbate vapors at 230 °C: phenol, 2-monochlorophenol (2-MCP), and dichlorobenzene (DCBz).
While acute effects appear to occur soon after exposure to ambient PM [ 2], only recently have studies addressed whether cardiovascular events and exacerbations of respiratory disease symptoms associated with exposure to ambient PM relate mainly to brief (minutes or hourly) high-level exposure of particles or if they result from exposure averaged over an entire day.
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After exposure of particle concentrations up to 10 μg·ml–1 for 2 days no effects on viability, mitochondrial activity and proliferation, and cell death of human hepatocarcinoma cells and monkey kidney cells were observed.
The authors concluded that using one carefully chosen monitoring site is a reasonable approach to characterize exposure of particle number concentrations in epidemiologic time-series studies.
The current study was consistent with Rich et al. (2012) in findings on the associations of some biomarkers with UFPs and PM2.5 in short-term exposure, even though the subjects and exposure levels of particles of the two studies were not comparable.
Cobalt ions can be generated in the periprosthetic space due to electrochemical corrosion of metal particles or possibly as a result of phagocytosis of CoCrMo particles by cells and exposure of these particles to a series of oxidative mechanisms designed to destroy the foreign body (Galle et al. 1992, Lundborg et al. 1992, Case 2001).
During exposure, deposition of particles was monitored online, and the final mass after the last cigarette was smoked was taken to compare the particle distributions with different CS concentrations.
Research with cell cultures and experimental animals has provided evidence of neuropathological effects of exposure to particles (Block et al. 2004; Campbell et al. 2005; Veronesi et al. 2005).
However, traces of labelled Zn were found in the blood and urine of human volunteers following skin exposure to particles of 19 and 100 nm, respectively.
As well as social health value, by reducing potential exposure of fine particles.
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