The measured exposure of pulmonary function was classified both as a dichotomous (eg, COPD vs no COPD) and ordinal categorical variable (eg, no lung disease, restrictive disease, COPD GOLD stages I IV), using the following criteria.
Besides lower vitamin D levels due to reduced UV exposure, genetic induced loss of function of VDR may contribute to defects involving vitamin D pathways.
The response of several of these measures of lead exposure as a function of time will be discussed for each compound at the several dose levels administered.
Because prescription frequencies depend on age and antibiotic classes, the matrix α[i,j] describes the rates of exposure as a function of age i and antibiotic class j.
Briefly, we modified the excess risk for overall cancer incidence estimated by Elliott et al. [ 14] (i.e. 3.5% for people exposed at incinerators operating before 1980, assuming 20 years of exposure) as a function of cumulative exposure (with exposure coefficients varying with time), latency since first exposure and latency since cessation of exposure.
However, oestrogen receptor expression is maintained in the indifferent mammalian gonad [ 10, 11] despite their apparent lack of function, and exposure of gonads to exogenous oestrogen activates the translocation of the receptors to the nuclei of indifferent gonadal cells [ 12].
Long-term exposure of arsenic terminates the function of nervous system and cardiovascular, which may finally lead to death.
Women also took part in several assessments of symptoms, measurements of exposure, and lung function test (six-monthly health assessments -HA-).
where ⊗ is the convolution operator and g(t) is the exposure function of the ToF camera representing the exposure sensitivity at a certain time t.
An exposure-response model was built to describe the slope of the exposure-response function (βobs) of the PM2.5 health effects in adults and in infants.
