Sentence examples for exposure integrating from inspiring English sources

These DNA adducts therefore act as effective biological markers of tobacco smoke carcinogen exposure, integrating differences in metabolic capacity that modify the activation of such chemicals in the body.

The present study evaluated only the effect of chronic sustained hyperglycemia through a single measurement of HbA1c at the time of catheterization, an accepted reliable marker of the overall exposure integrating fasting, postprandial glycaemic state [ 29] and mean plasma glucose level [ 30].

However, PCB body burden reflects exposure integrated over all routes and pathways (including inhalation and diet), over a prolonged time interval.

In contrast, arsenic in nails can be an excellent biomarker of exposure because it principally measures inorganic arsenic exposure, integrates exposure over several weeks, is a highly stable matrix, and is relatively impervious to external contamination or other confounders (Karagas et al. 1996, 2000, 2001a, 2001b; Nichols et al. 1998).

For example, if a clinician records esophageal pH in a patient with GERD to assess the effect of a PPI on esophageal acid exposure, integrated esophageal acidity should be calculated instead of time esophageal pH < 4, because this will reduce the possibility of reaching a false conclusion that esophageal acid exposure is abnormally high.

This comparative graphic technique is commonly used for cumulative estimates of lead exposure by integrating blood lead concentration across exposure times in occupational exposure (Chia et al. 1996) or for comparative lead dosings of test animals in the study of such exposure parameters as the relative bioavailability of lead (Casteel et al. 1997).

This index characterizes the cumulative lifetime exposure by integrating the estimated concentration of PCDD/F at every point in time (area under the curve).

Geographic information systems and sensor-based technologies will enable greater precision in environmental and personal exposure monitoring, integrating previously unavailable data into research.

GIS has become widely used to locate the study population by geocoding addresses, using proximity analysis of pollution sources as a surrogate for exposure, and integrating environmental monitoring data into the analysis of health outcomes [ 2].

Conclusions: We developed a fine particulate mass based RR model that covered the global range of exposure by integrating RR information from different combustion types that generate emissions of particulate matter.

These early phases manifest themselves with adaptations of problem-based learning curricula to increasingly focus on student outcomes, early clinical exposure, and integrating competencies throughout the entire undergraduate coursework [ 7, 10, 13, 14].