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Kappa statistics quantify the amount of agreement between an initial exposure categorization and an exposure categorization at a later point in time (e.g., did a participant in the high exposure category remain in the high exposure category later).
We found consistent reductions in length of gestation related to PCB exposure, regardless of exposure categorization (Table 5).
Interestingly, further dichotomization of exposure categorization to girls with non-detectable concentrations of BPA (N = 12) and those with BPA concentrations 2 s.d.
Table 3 also presents the kappa statistics quantifying the agreement between exposure categorization in Round 1 and Round 3 (approximately one year apart).
The exposure categorization was based on the exposure information obtained in the beginning of the pregnancy and for most women the exposure level may be considerably lower later in pregnancy.
This methodology for exposure categorization allowed us to explicitly model risk for the study outcome within set risk windows during the course of drug treatment, and it has been used in a previous pharmacoepidemiological study.
Similar(47)
The observational studies were heterogeneous in design, used varying exposure categorizations, and controlled for different covariates, but generally were supportive of increased mortality associated with a hemoglobin level less than the reference range.
Most other baseline variables were similar among the exposure categorizations.
The housing stock and use of air conditioning helping to minimize indoor exposures may differ among these exposure categorizations.
Despite use of linear dose response trends to combine studies using different exposure categorizations, heterogeneity was still high for all exposures.
Although quantitative dioxin exposure profiles for each cohort were not available because limited biological measurements were performed, broad exposure categorizations are possible.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com