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Even though the actual exposition conditions of the series can be considered very challenging and rather far from those generally encountered on bronze statues exposed outdoor, the conservation and maintenance strategy here reported, based on the use of sacrificial protective layers, represents a suitable alternative also in more traditional conditions.
Ma's report shows that several structurally conserved residues could be used to distinguish between binding sites and general exposed surface; for instance, conservation of Trp, Phe, and Met residues on the protein surface was shown to be associated with a higher likelihood of formation of a binding site [8].
The solvent accessibility of a site influences its evolutionary conservation, with more exposed residues generally being less conserved [29] [34], and a method that does not consider this difference in baseline selective constraints in its null distribution will tend to find spurious mutation clusters in solvent-exposed regions of proteins.
The protection of low porosity stones, as marbles, from atmospheric deterioration is challenging and scarcely documented in literature in terms of evaluation of the performances of conservation treatments exposed to real conditions.
Importantly enough, in most species, the evolutionary conservation of exposed cysteines is considerably lower than that of those forming disulfide bridges (Marino and Gladyshev 2011), meaning that although important, the former can afford more evolutionary plasticity.
In an attempt to get further insight into the particular forces imposing such exceptionally high degree of conservation among Exposed Noncontact COX I residues (particularly within the Noninterface subset), we assessed the effect of in silico alanine scanning mutagenesis on the stability of the complex.
It is assumed that the conservation of motifs exposed to evolutionary pressure will be dramatically higher among closely related species, thereby yielding sigmoid conservation patterns.
The consultation, which ends this month, has exposed traditional divisions - while conservation groups such as the RSPB are pushing for a mandatory 4-54-5% farmland to be kept out of production, farmers are lobbying hard to be given the choice.
Interestingly, the surface protein model also shows conservation of an exposed N-terminal region between β-strands 2 and 3 of the major β-sheet that is extending the DSBH core indicating that these residues might be important for interaction with other proteins [see Additional file 5].
In any event, the high degree of conservation among the Exposed Noncontact residues from COX I herein described is a remarkable observation that must be taken into account when addressing evolutionary issues related to the COX complex, otherwise deceiving conclusions may be reached.
Earlier this year, shark conservation organisation Bite-Back exposed another loophole, this time in UK customs regulations.
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