Taiwan's exports face tariffs ranging from 5% to 15% in China.
In contrast, Japanese car exports face tariffs of 20 to 30percentt and exports have stagnated at 20,000 cars.
While a number of American agricultural exports face such threats, the soybean situation is among the most glaring.
Brazil is supposedly Argentina's partner in a customs union, but its exports face a host of barriers.Shown up by the neighboursNow Argentina has followed the world into recession and it is ill-placed to respond.
Exports face downward-sloping demand curves, indicating a negative relationship with their prices in the world market.
Its exports faced barriers all around the world, and it had to learn how to litigate, Lim and Dickinson added.
All currently proposed alternatives to move tar sands to a deepwater port for export face problems.
To add to this mess, Russia, which takes 3% of Germany's exports, is facing a full-blown economic crisis as low oil prices and Western sanctions hit home.
Yet the sheer scale of the export challenge faced in the "dandelion" should inspire some new lessons for British economic strategy and our ambitions for "export-led growth".
The diversion of marine traffic would also hurt local manufacturers of goods for export, who face higher costs, as well as consumers, who will pay more for imports.
"Except for airplanes, all the other big export products face high barriers when you go to the United States," said Gilberto Dupas, director of the Institute for the Study of International Economics in São Paulo.
