The double-sided exponential pulses suggest saturable absorber action.
Transient displacement and stress responses for angle-ply laminated and sandwich plates under four types of impulsive loads (including rectangular, triangular, half-sine and exponential pulses) are obtained by the Newmark integration procedure.
Setting ε = 1 and γ = 0, so that only the JNK-feedforward was permitted, resulted in a total loss of differential gene expression with exponential pulses (Figure 6A).
A single exponential decay pulse was applied using a Gene Pulser (Bio-Rad, Richmond, CA, USA) set at 1.8 kV, 25 μF, and ∞ Ω, generating a time constant of 12 14 ms.
So the algorithm gets rid of computation of the exponential phase terms from pulse to pulse and a considerable efficiency is achieved.
Standard devices predominantly work with exponential decay pulses where a capacitor is charged to an initial voltage and is subsequently discharged through the cell suspension within a cuvette.
Gaussian shaped pulses show the optimized temporal profile gain the biggest readout efficiency and the smallest aberration when compared to exponential and rectangular pulses.
The ethanol yield was found to be higher when ultrasonic pulsing was initiated during the exponential phase of growth.
We first studied the effects of different glucose feeding strategies, including exponential fed-batch culture, pulse fed-batch culture, constant rate fed-batch culture, and glucose control (5 g/L, 10 g/L, 15 g/L) fed-batch culture, on cell growth and GlcNAc synthesis.
Fed-batch fermentations were firstly tested with three different feeding strategies: constant glucose-concentration feeding strategy, exponential feeding strategy and pulse feeding strategy.
For dual labelling of replication tracts, exponential cell cultures were pulse-labelled with 25 μℳ CIdU (Sigma-Aldrich) followed by 250 μℳ IdU (Sigma-Aldrich), for 20 min each.
