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Prior to model fitting, we explored the shape of the relationship between response and explanatory variables via generalized additive mixed models (mgcv::gamm4, Wood and Scheipl 2014).
In contrast, in Experiment 2, the participants explored the shape of small (5 cm diameter) surfaces with a single finger.
We explored the shape of the exposure response relation with GAMs for the constructed neurobehavioral functions, as shown in Figure 2 for MnH, Figure 3 for MnW, and Figure 4 for estimated manganese intake from water ingestion.
The participants reached behind a curtain and haptically explored the shape of each curved surface with one hand; they were free to rotate the object with their other hand.
We explored the shape of the relationship between TCDD and BMD and HSA using generalized additive models (splines with 3 degrees of freedom) as well as categorical exposure and covariate variables; there was no evidence of nonlinearity (data not shown).
We explored the shape of relationships between exposures and outcomes by replacing the linear term in the base model with natural splines with 2, 3, or 4 degrees of freedom (df) (Eisen et al. 2004), which capture potential nonlinearity in the data without overfitting.
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In Appendix B: Table 6 we explore the shape of the relation between technical change and early retirement.
Our work considers exploring the shape of the facial components to address the intra-subject dissimilarity problem due to plastic surgery.
The robot, equipped with initial perceptual and motor competencies, explores the "shape" of its own body before devoting its attention to the external environment.
On further exploring the shape of the electron density, the break in the density advocated that the porphyrin ring is cleaved at its γ-meso carbon position, resulting probabaly in the generation of biliverdin IX-γ isomer as the main end product.
Future studies exploring the shape of the relationship between insulin sensitivity and UACR are needed to clarify their relationship.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com