Sentence examples for exploited by the cell from inspiring English sources

An alternative source of information, which is not exploited by the cell itself, comes from comparative genomics.

These structures are exploited by the cell to create diverse strategies for translation regulation; for example, pseudoknots and hairpins are used to induce programmed frameshifting (Tsuchihashi, 1991; Namy et al., 2006), whereas synonymous mutations that can alter the local structure of RNA and codon usage are employed to control protein expression levels (Duan et al., 2003; Nackley et al., 2006).

These data were in agreement with the sterol biosynthesis machinery of the MΦ host cell being exploited by the cell-cycling amastigotes for both their own cell membrane sterols, in particular ergosterol and the PV membrane sterol-dependent remodelling.

Thus, apoptosis resistance is very much exploited by the metastatic cell and this feature is likely to contribute to resistance to therapy in metastatic OS [ 51, 52].

In normal homeostasis, HSF1 is known to support the survival and longevity of cells under stress, a function that might be exploited by the tumour cells to prolong survival and develop a malignant state.

Transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) signalling is involved in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and suppression of premalignant tumour cells, however, when the regulations are circumvented, TGFβ signalling can be advantageously exploited by the tumour cells to promote tumour progression and metastasis [ 1].

The immune cells in the tumor stroma may be exploited by the malignant epithelial cells in high-grade tumors for aggressive invasive growth.

This morphological similarity extends to a conserved functional organisation and this has been recently exploited by the use of S2 cells in two genome-wide RNAi screens seeking for novel proteins required for the constitutive secretion of soluble reporter proteins [3], [4].

These receptors have been shown to be up-regulated on tumour-infiltrating T cells and are exploited by the tumour in order to down-regulate T cell responses.

Possibly, rescue processes are not correctly induced or exploited by the whole population of TCam-2 cells and this hypothesis may explain why a small percentage of them appears not able to survive to the change of gravity.

Further, we have recently shown that dendritic cell trafficking is exploited by the bacterium for dissemination from the lungs to the draining lymph nodes [9].