However, the primitive nature of the stocks seen and the absence of a long earlier record, even of detrital fragments of vascular plants, suggest that the colonization and exploitation of land environments were real Devonian events.
In the last years, biotechnological interest in the exploitation of marine environments has been increasing and scientific literature is steadily producing new discoveries of bioactive marine metabolites (Imhoff et al. 2011).
This study presents new stratigraphic, sedimentological, pedological dating and macro- and micro-fauna data, in order to reconstruct late Pleistocene and Holocene landscapes and shorelines of northern Pieria, northern Greece, and to discuss human exploitation of coastal environments.
This paper describes an approach based on the exploitation of virtual environments and agent-based simulation for the evaluation of cybersecurity solutions for the next generation of IoT applications in realistic scenarios.
If future losses of habitat can be prevented such that they do not occur at the expense of any gains, which is a significant challenge given the magnitude of global exploitation of coastal environments [18], facilitating natural recovery and expansion of habitats may be a critical first step.
The former age highlights the early exploitation of aquatic environments by angiosperms.
Among them, nematodes, tardigrades, and annelids are likely candidates given their current exploitation of terrestrial environments, yet these groups have relatively poor fossil records.
Human habitation and exploitation of island environments impacted local ecosystems, including direct and indirect introduction of exotic plants and animals and forest clearance creating increasingly open, agricultural landscapes, intensifying from 2500BP.
Although adaptive divergence at immune genes is not likely to drive the speciation and niche specialization process, exploitation of novel environments is likely to be accompanied by novel pathogen pressures, potentially leading to adaptation of immune factors as observed here (Lee 2002).
A reduced energy cost of bipedal locomotion while in water for quadrupedal hominins (Kuliukas et al., 2009) may well have facilitated the exploitation of aquatic environments, and, as the present study indicates, during such behaviour modern humans do not experience an increased energy cost over equivalent land-based foraging.
