Finally, although we did not have data for the relative exploitation levels (fishing pressure) in the sampled streams, it would seem likely that elevated urbanization and road access (i.e., road density) would correlate with fishing pressure.
Yet, despite the extensive commercial exploitation of fishes and interest in the health of various fish stocks, the relationships between performance capacity, natural selection, ecology and physiology are poorly known for fishes.
Exploitation of fish from the marine reserve is increasingly intense and there is plenty of antagonism between fishermen and conservationists; the fishing fleet doubled during the study and illegal catches are common.
An applicable management of stock structure is needed for sustainable exploitation of fishes.
Due to the effect of freshwater withdrawals at Farakka the over-exploitation of fishing and forestry resources is a widespread problem in Bangladesh in the post 1996 period.
It is proposed that intensified exploitation of fish, shellfish, tortoises, and seabirds by LSA foragers during the Holocene reflects an expansion of diet breadth in response to diminished ungulate biomass on the landscape rather than fundamental behavioral/cognitive advances.
Scenarios such as this are being repeated the world over - marine habitat degradation and the over exploitation of fish stocks.
These studies have provided invaluable insight into the effect of exploitation on fish communities; however, the absolute values appear high – even for pristine reefs.
For global commercial fisheries to maintain a sustainable future [1], [2] there is a need to develop and implement ecosystem management plans that enable managed exploitation of fish stocks while mitigating against bycatch [3] [7].
These pressures include different dynamics and levels of exploitation of fish populations, still high nutrient loads, and increased intensity of maritime transport as well as reduced input of toxic pollution and general progress in nature protection.
