Both can confer evolutionary advantages [ 44– 46] attributed to the plasticity of plant genomes and to increased genetic variability, generating individuals capable of exploiting new niches [ 47].
We should therefore treat our relationship with other animal species as part of a continuum across which pathogens can emerge and spread, exploiting new niches as we change our interactions, and moving into and out of erstwhile distinct species, regions or communities (Daszak et al. 2000).
The researchers suggest that the mass extinction, especially of ammonites (which probably competed with fish for food), allowed the ray-fins to exploit new ecological niches and launched what the authors call a "new age of fish".
Such changes allow fungi to exploit new ecological niches, but may also result in resistance break-down in agricultural systems.
The region is home to dynamic systems in which biological, social, ecological, and technological processes interconnect in ways that enable microbes to exploit new ecological niches (22).
Sullivan and Ronson [ 28] have demonstrated that the laterally acquired 500 kb symbiosis island from Mesorhizobium loti ICMP3153 confers symbiotic ability to non-symbiotic Mezorhizobium strains and enables the bacterium to expand its genome to exploit new environmental niches.
Although the latter enable the host to exploit new dietary niches, the paucity of well characterized model systems has limited understanding of the diversity of gut microbial ecosystems and interactions among components of the "super-organism".
Obligate symbioses with bacteria have enabled insects to exploit novel niches, previously out of adaptive reach (Moran 2007).
His thinking changed from the view that species formed in isolated populations only, as on islands, to an emphasis on speciation without isolation; that is, he saw increasing specialisation within large stable populations as continuously exploiting new ecological niches.
