Only four of the six studies included for safety explicitly reported adverse events.
Two studies explicitly reported no adverse events associated with TENS treatment [15, 18].
Six studies [ 39, 42, 46, 48, 52, 53] did not explicitly report severe adverse event outcomes and four [ 34, 40, 45, 49] reported no events in either arm.
The five studies that did not report birth outcomes all explicitly stated that no adverse events occurred.
Patients were explicitly asked about any adverse events they experienced using the devices, and to record these in their pain diary and by telephone report.
Our study placed emphasis on explicitly recording absence of an adverse occurrence when none occurred.
While it has previously been shown that treatment interventions are strongly preferred by society to preventive interventions [ 27, 28], we are not aware of any studies that have explicitly compared preferences regarding vaccine adverse events vs. disease prevention.
"Smoking is a single behaviour that's really explicitly linked to a number of adverse health conditions, whereas obesity is a state of body, "The causes are driven by environment.
The occurrence of adverse effects was not explicitly addressed, but the study did report that at least one out of five subjects in the plastazote group, who were initially ulcer-free, developed ulcers due to ill-fitting shoes.
However, parental preferences regarding the prevention of disease vs. the risk for minor vaccine adverse events should be explicitly considered before recommending widespread use of a GAS vaccine.
