Unlike previous studies, here, for the first time, both implicit number-matching and explicit arithmetic-verification tasks were administered to the same participants using the same stimuli.
The same group of participants performed both an implicit number-matching task (in which arithmetic knowledge is task-irrelevant) and an explicit arithmetic-verification task (in which arithmetic knowledge is task-relevant).
Event-related potential (ERP) studies have detected several characteristic consecutive amplitude modulations in both implicit and explicit mental arithmetic tasks.
In order to fill this gap, here we examined whether ERP effects and their underlying cognitive processes in implicit and explicit mental arithmetic tasks differ from each other.
However, reducing the size of the shared memory entries to 32 bits requires the explicit handling of arithmetic overflow.
First, as noted, we aimed to clarify whether ERP data in explicit and implicit arithmetic tasks using multiplications can be interpreted in functionally similar terms.
An explicit LGP model constructed by only basic arithmetic functions including one month-lagged records of both target and upstream stations revealed the best prediction model for the study catchment.
In addition, both architectures are based on an explicit formula which allows one to compute the point arithmetic directly in the finite field, thereby eliminating a level of arithmetic.
It would also be desirable to use not only explicit measures of MA, but implicit measures such as arithmetic-affective priming [ 34] and/or measures of physiological indicators of anxiety.
If this thesis can be defended then logicism about arithmetic can be sustained while foregoing Frege's explicit (and inconsistent) definition.
