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In philosophy of biology, reduction involves questions about how different biological disciplines and theories are related, and how biology itself is connected to physics and chemistry (e.g., is biology autonomous, possessing its own theoretical principles, explanations, and methods?).
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We excluded subjects based on their poor performance, which perfectly correlated with incorrect written schema explanations (Materials and methods, Procedure).
To do this, we used parwise moderated t-tests from the SMVar package [ 31] (for more detailed explanations see materials and methods).
Several linkage studies and association studies using a candidate-gene approach have failed to identify any robust association between genetic variants and the prevalent types of migraine (see Table 1 for explanation of terms and methods mentioned) [14].
A general explanation of materials and methods is provided here, and detailed protocols of the wet experiments are included in Additional file 1: Notes.
Considering one important part of ESS, a concrete example of the need for transparency is the communication of assumptions5 (for further explanations see 'Methods' and 'Results and discussion' section).
We have added the explanations in the Materials and methods and within the figure legend.
This further demonstrates the conclusion in [10], and a more reasonable explanation and flexible method of channel selection is proposed.
We leave you with both a fuller video explanation of the aims and methods of V.T.S. and a quote from the V.T.S. co-founder Abigail Housen from Art Viewing and Aesthetic Development (PDF): "Art affords an ideal environment for [fostering critical and creative thinking].
The study was approved by Showa University Ethics Committee and was carried out after all subjects received a full explanation of the aims and methods of the study and gave their consent to participate (approval no. 2012-020).
For detailed explanation, see the Materials and Methods section.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com