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The former method allows for immediate clarification or explanation of questions or responses and develops rapport between the woman and the health professional.
After a standardized introduction from the interviewer to the questionnaire, each youth took part in a face-to-face guided questionnaire completion process (30 60 min) with additional support as required from the interviewer (e.g. further explanation of questions).
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First, we used a web-based design in our study, which may have had consequences on, for instance, the involvement of respondents in the questionnaire and did not allow face-to-face explanations of questions.
Any difference between their understanding and explanation of the questions asked could result in bias in information collected.
The explanation of the questions section at the end of the questionnaire and the 'Instructions to patients' at the beginning of the questionnaire are very valuable supplements.
Explanation of the questions included in each section is provided below.> Demographic information and standard of living were assessed using household standard of living (SOL) and was calculated based on nine proxy indicators including access to improved water and sanitation and type of roofing and flooring materials [ 46].
They were not able to read the questions but had a chance to hear the explanation of each question in their L1 after listening to the question in English.
An initial, brief instruction from the administrator, an appointed nurse, was given to all subjects including the following information: all questionnaires should be completed in the given order, no explanation of any question would be given and if a question was not understood, the subjects were told to go to the next question.
They were not able to read the questions, but they listened to each question twice and had a chance to hear the explanation of each question in their L1.
Like the students in Class 1, they also had a chance to hear the explanation of each question in their L1 after listening to the question in English.
Contrary to the students in Classes 1 and 2, they did not have a chance to hear the explanation of each question in their L1.
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