Events were typically coded as present or absent with associations directly reflecting experienced contingencies (e.g., Rescorla and Wagner 1972).
Figure 4 compares total front nosepoke responses for animals experiencing omission contingency and the mean for yoked animals across lesion groups (no significant differences were found so groups were pooled for clarity).
On forced-choice trials, only one option was available and needed to be selected, ensuring that participants experienced all contingencies.
On the other hand, the computational theory of RL has proposed a viable computational account for the role of the cortico-basal ganglia system in behavioral adaptation to the 'external' environment, by exploiting experienced environmental contingencies and reward history (Sutton & Barto, 1998; Rangel et al., 2008).
Anyone can experience this contingency and, once brought to reflective awareness, can ponder its implications.
This analysis showed that the amount of experienced visuomotor contingency was a significant predictor of sensorimotor alpha suppression at post-test in the Contingent condition, beta = −.732, p =.024 (lower 95% CI = −2.326, upper 95% CI = −.226) (see Figure 4).
We have contingencies prepared".
Thus, as not all infants in the Contingent condition experienced a strong contingency between performed and observed stepping actions, averaging the activation of infants who experienced relatively weak and relatively strong visuomotor contingency may have lowered the overall activation in this condition.
Such studies might offer insight into agonist actions on conditioning while also mimicking real world contingencies experienced by drug users.
This suggests that participants' judgments were guided by the experimental instructions and contingencies experienced during the task, and not solely by their previous interactions with similar situations.
