For example, participating faculty benefited from participation in an FLC when they received helpful advice on promising practices and encouragement when experiencing instructional or technical challenges.
There were 120 students who were randomly assigned to four treatment groups (novice or experienced programmers: structured instructional format; novice or experienced: discovery instructional format).
The aim of this study is to compare the difficulties that novice instructional designers experience during instructional design processes for mobile devices and desktop computers.
According to the NCTQ's standards, an effective mentor must have 3 qualities: experience, instructional effectiveness and mentoring ability.
They added that "if the primary aim of an apprenticeship program is to foster sophisticated understandings and practices, then length of experience, instructional supports and opportunities to engage in epistemically demanding practices ought to be prioritized design principles" (p. 253).
Therefore, it is unlikely that any gains from pre to post in this study would simply be the result of increased familiarity with the questions, a Hawthorne effect (i.e., gains simply from experiencing novel instructional approaches), or typical ongoing mathematics instruction during this time period.
In answer to the first research question, we conclude that many students experience an instructional unit based on professional practices as meaningful.
Many frameworks, however, present the CPS skills in a general manner removing all contexts (i.e., what students would experience during instructional units in classrooms) from the operationalization of the construct.
Moreover, when considering the interactive effect of instructional strategy and prior domain knowledge (experienced/novice) on performance outcomes given the structured instructional format the experienced learners did not perform as well.
This article examines design processes that a team of instructional technology faculty and administrators experienced related to an online instructional technology graduate program at a large Midwestern university.
